نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Regarding the motivation for moral actions, three scenarios are conceivable. Moral behavior arising from an individual's internal drive or from an external factor is termed autonomy and heteronomy respectively. The third scenario known as the “submission to wilāyah” or “divine submission” is presented. This third state, while enabling man to become self-sustained in terms of autonomy, frees him from heteronomy and establishes him as a follower of divine guidance (wilāyah). Kant, the proponent of the theory of autonomy, centers humanity as the ultimate purpose and asserts the independence and intrinsic freedom of reason and will from any causal system. This study employs an analytical-critical method to explore Kant’s principle of autonomy in light of the themes of divine submission in the Quran and al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādiyya, aiming to highlight similarities and differences between Kant’s view and the Quranic perspective of submission to wilāyah and divine guidance. The findings reveal that both perspectives reject internal motivations inconsistent with reason and domination by external factors other than God. However, their differences include Kant's belief in the sufficiency and authority of rational will, individualism, prioritization of self-understanding, the promotion of moral plurality, the neglect and denial of divine submission themes, and the impossibility of practically achieving true autonomy.
کلیدواژهها English
قرآن کریم (ترجمه: ناصر مکارم شیرازی).
