The present study aims to clarify which philosophical problems within Transcendent Philosophy fall under the scope of predication of reality and attenuation (ḥaml al-ḥaqīqa wa al-raqīqa), and how this mode of predication plays a role in those problems. Data were collected through library research and analyzed by means of descriptive and analytical methods. This approach has enabled us to address the aforementioned question and to conclude that Mullā Ṣadrā organizes various epistemological, ontological, and anthropological issues in light of the predication of reality and attenuation. The understanding and resolution of philosophical problems such as the relation between cause and effect, divine knowledge, the soul–body relation, the relation between the soul and its faculties, and human cognition depend upon this mode of predication. Without applying the principle of predication of reality and attenuation, these issues cannot be properly analyzed or interpreted.